former

eski, önceki

Having previously held a particular position, status, or role; belonging to an earlier time.

• She is a former president of the company.
• In former times, people traveled by horse.
• My former colleague now works in Paris.
• The former Soviet republics underwent dramatic political and economic transitions following the dissolution of centralized governmental control in the early 1990s.
• Historians debate whether policies implemented by former colonial administrations continue to influence contemporary governance structures in newly independent nations.
• The research institute hired a former industry executive to bridge the gap between academic theoretical work and practical commercial applications.

Eş anlamlılar: previous, earlier, past, one-time, ex-

Zıt anlamlılar: current, present, latter, existing

ilki, birincisi

The first of two things or people mentioned (as opposed to the latter).

• Of the two options, I prefer the former.
• John and Mary arrived; the former was late.
• She could study law or medicine—she chose the former.

Eş anlamlılar: the first, the first-mentioned

Zıt anlamlılar: latter